Banana Plants and Trees

Some banana plants are surprisingly resilient in UK winters, especially Musa basjoo, which is the hardiest variety and can survive outdoors (with protection). Musa sikkimensis are also reasonably tough, but may need more insulation in colder areas. Tender types such as Ensete ventricosum can't be left outside and should be moved indoors or to a heated space before the first frost.

Outdoor bananas need their trunks and crowns protected from frost. Cut back the leaves once the first cold nights arrive, before wrapping the stem in layers of fleece or hessian, and packing dry straw or leaves around the crown for insulation. If your plant is in a pot, move it into a frost-free location such as a greenhouse, conservatory or bright garage. Keep watering to a minimum over winter - the aim is to keep the plant dry and protected rather than growing.

Bananas need full sun, a sheltered position, and moist, well-drained soil. A warm, wind-protected corner helps prevent the leaves from tearing and encourages faster growth, while adding plenty of organic matter to the soil gives them the rich conditions they enjoy. If you’re growing one in a pot then choose a large container and use a free-draining compost mix, as waterlogged roots are a common cause of problems.

Bananas grow rapidly and like consistent moisture during the growing season, so water deeply whenever the top layer of soil feels dry. Plants in pots dry out more quickly, especially in warm weather, so expect to water more often, sometimes daily, in mid-summer. Feed weekly with a balanced liquid fertiliser from spring to early autumn to support leaf growth and strong roots.

It's possible but unusual for banana plants to produce edible fruit in the UK. Only certain types can fruit here, and they need uninterrupted warmth, a long growing season, and maturity before they do. Even then, the fruit may not ripen unless the plant is grown in a heated greenhouse or conservatory. Most UK-grown banana plants are grown purely for their foliage rather than fruit - and that impressive foliage is certainly worth it!

Yes, many people grow bananas in containers, and they make striking patio plants. They do need a large pot, regular watering, and frequent feeding because the roots have limited space. Repot every year or two to refresh the soil. In winter, container-grown bananas are easy to protect: simply move them into a sheltered, frost-free spot.

Banana plant maintenance is moderate. They grow fast, so appreciate regular watering and feeding in summer, plus the occasional tidy to remove damaged leaves. The only extra consideration is winter protection - in most parts of the UK, you’ll need to insulate the stem and crown, or move the plant somewhere frost-free. Once you know the winter routine, they’re surprisingly easy to look after year after year.