Potted Fruit Trees

Dwarf fruit trees need more room than many gardeners expect. A pot around 35 to 45cm wide and deep works well to start with, which is roughly 30 to 50 litres. This gives the roots enough space to establish without drying out too quickly. As the tree grows, it is worth moving up to a final container of around 50 to 60cm wide. Bigger pots hold moisture better, reduce stress in summer, and help keep the tree stable once it starts cropping.

Fruit trees in pots dry out far faster than those in the ground, especially in warm or windy weather. During spring and summer, watering is usually needed every day, and sometimes twice a day in hot spells. The aim is to keep the compost evenly moist, not soggy. In cooler months, watering can be reduced, but the compost should never be allowed to dry out completely. A good rule is to check the top few centimetres of compost and water if it feels dry.

Potted fruit trees rely entirely on the gardener for food, water, and space. Regular watering is essential, along with feeding from spring through summer using a balanced fruit tree feed. Annual pruning keeps the tree compact and productive, while removing any dead or crossing branches. Repotting every two to three years with fresh compost helps prevent root congestion. In winter, pots may need protection from severe frost, either by moving them to a sheltered spot or insulating the container.

A high quality loam based compost is ideal for fruit trees in containers. John Innes No. 3 is a popular choice as it provides stability, good drainage, and long lasting nutrients. Mixing in some grit or horticultural sand improves drainage further, which is important for healthy roots. Avoid lightweight multi purpose compost on its own, as it can dry out too quickly and lose structure over time.